Applications and Design Approach, Difference equations, z-transforms, discrete models and transfer functions, test input signals for discrete systems; Sampling and Holding, Spectrum and aliasing of sampled signals, Data extrapolation and imposters, Block diagram analysis and sample rate selection; Stability, robustness, controllability, reachability, observability and detachability; Continuous transfer function and their discrete equivalents, design of digital control systems using transform (z-domain root locus, z-domain digital controller design), Frequency response methods: Nyquist stability criterion, design specifications in frequency domain, compensator design, quantization effects. Analysis of round-off errors, effects of parameter round-off, Sample rate Selection, Sampling Theorem, Sensitivity to parameter variations, multi-rate sampling; System hardware, software and /or firmware development, components and integration issues, manufacturing digital control systems, program structure and case studies.
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